Indigenous America and European Exploration before 1623
While there is some historic evidence of short lived Norse exploration and settlement in North America about a thousand years ago, in general, the historic period begins with the arrival of Christopher Columbus in 1492.
The term "discovery" in reference to Columbus is of course oxymoronic, in that indigenous people came to occupy the Americas 14,000 years before the arrival of Columbus. Even the term "prehistoric" in the western hemisphere is inaccurate because of the development of writing by the indigenous Olmec and Mayan cultures in Central America.
Reagardless, in North America the Indegenous people created complex and vibrant cultures that ultimately suffered from the more advanced weapondry and naval power of the exploring and colony establishing Europeans.
During the Sixteenth Century American colonization and settlement was primarily Spanish. The discovery of gold and the abilty to convert the indigenous to Catholicism drove the expansion of power of the Spanish empire.
As the century ended other European nations seeking to rival the Spanish and to build their own wealth, increased exploration and began colonizaion in North America. The French established a trading post at Tadoussac in 1599 and a fort at Port Royal in 1605. After an earlier failure at Roanoke, the British esatblished a North American presence at Jamestown in 1607.
1606
The Charter of New England
The Gloucester Telegraph
March 9, 1833, 1833
Volume 7, Edition #10
The Gloucester Telegraph
March 9, 1833, 1833
Volume 7, Edition #10
The Gloucester Telegraph
1643,
No Volume #, No Edition#
The Gloucester Telegraph
November 13, 1839
Volume 13, Edition #90
The Gloucester Telegraph
April 12, 1844
Volume 18, Edition #30
The Gloucester Telegraph
May 9, 1846
Volume 20, Edition #37
The Gloucester Telegraph
June 1,1859
Volume 33, Edition #44
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